Typically Laminate floors consist of the following layers from top to bottom:
Wear layer
Pattern, (image) layer
Processed wood core: usually M.D.F. (medium density fiber board) or H.D.F. (high density fiber board)
Balancing layer (usually with a moisture barrier)
These layers are manufactured into flooring by one of two methods. They are either High Pressure Laminates (HPL), or Direct Pressure Laminates (DPL). With the DPL method, all the layers are bonded together under extreme heat and pressure at one time. HPL is done in more than one step. Typically the wear layer and image layer are bonded together, and than those two layers are bonded to the core in a separate step.
Available Sizes
Most Laminates come in Planks 7 inches to 8 inches wide and approximately 4 feet long. Due to the nature of the planks, manufacturers have focused the styling of the product to reflect the shape of the plank and therefore have concentrated on duplicating wood looks in various species of wood. Several companies have also tried to imitate natural stones or copy the look of ceramic tiles, including grout lines in some cases. Laminate floors are sold in packages of 15 to 36 S.F. but are typically retailed by square foot pricing.
Warranties
Most carry wear warranties ranging form 10 to 25 years but new products are starting to introduce Lifetime warranties. Several products on the market also have water or moisture warranties. It is very important to check with the manufacturer as to EXACTLY what their warranty does and does not cover. Do not be afraid to ask questions. All major manufacturers have toll free information phone lines, websites etc. You are their customer and they are available to answer your inquiries.
Installation Overview
Installations can either be with or without glue depending on the product you choose, and you have the option to hire a professional or do-it-yourself.
Laminate floors are here to stay. No other flooring will allow the versatility of having a cherry and ceramic tile pattern - together as one floor, floating over concrete in a basement rec.-room. Laminate floors look great, are easy to maintain, value priced and durable.